Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...
The fast Fourier Transform (FFT), added to an oscilloscope or digitizer, permits measuring the frequency domain spectrum of the acquired signals. This provides a different and usually helpful ...
A general-purpose vector signal analyzer offers a low-cost, flexible option for measuring the frequency settling time of PLLs. By Douglas Olney, Keithley Instruments Inc. The frequency-settling time ...