The levels of complement C3 and C4 components were determined in non-indigenous (creoles) and indigenous (Warao) populations, the latter with an extremely high tuberculosis (TB) rate. Serum samples ...

Opsonization is the mechanism by which targeting of particles for destruction through phagocytosis becomes enhanced. Opsonins are molecules that mark foreign particles for phagocytosis. Phagocytosis ...

Monoclonal antibodies have been widely used as a therapy for COVID-19. The focus thus far has been on neutralizing antibodies that block viral entry into host cells. However, a typical immune response ...

1 Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands 2 Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary ...

Coating nanoparticles with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely used to achieve long-circulating properties after infusion. While PEG reduces binding of opsonins to ...

Spike-specific antibodies are central to effective COVID19 immunity. Research efforts have focused on antibodies that neutralize the ACE2-Spike interaction but not on non-neutralizing antibodies.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused over 4.9 million deaths worldwide, as well as a significant ...