In the summer of 2018, when former President Donald Trump launched a trade war with Beijing, the Chinese economy was gaining on the United States, and popular opinion suggested it could soon become the world’s largest.

The layman’s narrative of the 1930s is that America’s Smoot-Hawley tariffs set off a beggar-thy-neighbour spiral and caused the Great Depression. It is not true.

The European Union should seek constructive engagement on trade with the incoming Trump administration, but be ready to hit back in a coordinated way at the United States if it imposes new tariffs on the 27-nation bloc,

Donald Trump’s US election victory is a “wake-up call” for Europe to slash red tape and boost defence spending, three of the bloc’s top officials have warned.

The European Union is prepared to react to any renewed trade tensions with the United States that may emerge under President-elect Donald Trump's second administration, the EU's ambassador to the U.S.

Some European Union member states want the bloc to engage more urgently with Donald Trump’s transition team as they hope to stave off disruption and worsening tensions with its largest trading partner.